I want to stop here and show you something, because it is the whole reason you can trust everything I just laid out.
There is a verse I could have used at the top of this chapter, and it would have made my job easy. 1 John 5:7, in the King James Bible, reads: there are three that bear witness in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one. That is the single clearest one-sentence statement of the Trinity in the entire Bible. It says exactly what this chapter is about, in one line, and it was sitting right there in the translation my family raised me on.
I did not use it. You need to understand why, because it is the most important thing I can teach you about how to read anything, including this site.
It is not in the Bible. That sentence does not appear in a single Greek manuscript for more than a thousand years of church history. Not one. Every Greek manuscript that does contain it is from the fourteenth century or later, and in several of those a later hand added it into the margin. No Greek-speaking church father ever quoted it either, and that is the detail that should settle it for you. The fourth century was spent in open warfare over whether Jesus is God. Men gave their careers and their freedom to that fight. A single verse reading the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one would have ended the argument on the spot, and not one of them reached for it. They quoted the verses around it and never that. You do not leave your best weapon in the drawer. It was not in the drawer.
What it was, was Latin. The line grew up in the Latin tradition, and when Erasmus compiled the first printed Greek New Testament he left it out, correctly, because he could not find it in any Greek text. He was pressured hard to put it back. Then a Greek manuscript conveniently surfaced containing it, and he included it in his third edition against his own stated judgment, recording his doubts as he did. Scholars have since examined that manuscript closely. It dates to the early sixteenth century, it was copied by a Franciscan, and its Greek in this passage carries Latin syntax showing through, the fingerprint of something translated out of Latin rather than inherited from Greek. It reads like a document produced to settle an argument. Erasmus's printed text became the basis of the King James Bible, and that is the thread by which a Latin gloss reached the translation my family raised me on and the memory of everyone who grew up on it.
So I took it out. I removed the single best verse for my own argument, the one that would have won the point fastest, because it is not real, and I will not build the truth on something that is not real. I found out my strongest verse was not in the manuscripts, and I deleted it. They found out their verse did not say what they needed it to say, and they added a word. Same discovery. Opposite response. That is the entire difference between me and every system here. You can tell everything about a teacher by which one they choose when they think the cost is worth it. You do not need 1 John 5:7. The Trinity was never hanging by that thread. It is written across every page I just showed you, in verses no one has ever had to smuggle in, and that is exactly why it holds.